TOPS-20 Documentation Directory
Electronic Distribution
This document describes the manuals for
the TOPS-20 Notebook Set.
This is a new manual.
OPERATING SYSTEM: TOPS-20 V7
Software Update Tape 2, April 1990
c Digital Equipment Corporation 1990. All Rights Reserved.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such
license.
No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software on
equipment that is not supplied by DIGITAL or its affiliated companies.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:
digital
DEC MASSBUS RSX
DECmate PDP RT
DECsystem-10 P/OS UNIBUS
DECSYSTEM-20 Professional VAX
DECUS Q-BUS VMS
DECwriter Rainbow VT
DIBOL RSTS Work Processor
The postage-prepaid READER'S COMMENTS form on the last page of this
document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in
preparing future documentation.
CONTENTS
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1 WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.1 NOTEBOOK 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.1 DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.2 TOPS-20 User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.3 TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 NOTEBOOK 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.2.1 TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual . . . . . . . 1-2
1.2.2 Batch Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.2.3 TOPS-20 EXEC Message Manual . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.3 NOTEBOOK 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.3.1 EDIT User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.3.2 EDIT Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.3.3 TOPS-20 TV Editor Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.3.4 Introduction to DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF . . . . 1-3
1.3.5 TOPS-20 DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF User's Guide . . 1-4
1.3.6 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 DECmail/MS Manual . . . . . . . 1-4
1.4 NOTEBOOK 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.4.1 TOPS-20 DDT Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.4.2 DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
1.5 NOTEBOOK 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1.5.1 MACRO Assembler Reference Manual . . . . . . . . 1-5
1.5.2 TOPS-20 LINK Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1.5.3 TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide . . . . . . . 1-5
1.6 NOTEBOOK 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.6.1 TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference Manual . . . . . 1-6
1.7 NOTEBOOK 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.7.1 TOPS-20 IBM Emulation/Termination . . . . . . . 1-6
1.7.2 Introduction to DECnet Phase IV . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.7.3 DECnet-20 User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.7.4 DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's Guide . . . . 1-7
1.7.5 DECnet-20 Network Generation and Installation
Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.8 NOTEBOOK 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.8.1 TOPS-20 PSI User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.8.2 TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.8.3 FTS-20 Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.8.4 TOPS-20 DECnet-20 Programmer's Guide and
Operations Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
1.9 NOTEBOOK 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
1.9.1 TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide . . . . . . . . . 1-9
1.9.2 TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide . . . . . 1-9
1.9.3 TOPS-20 KS/KL Model A Installation Guide . . . 1-10
iii
1.9.4 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 UETP Procedures/Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
1.10 NOTEBOOK 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
1.10.1 TOPS-20 Operator's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
1.10.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and
Maintenance Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
1.10.3 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual . . . . . . . . . 1-10
1.11 NOTEBOOK 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
1.11.1 TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
1.11.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual 1-11
1.11.3 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification . . . 1-12
1.11.4 TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual . . . . . . . . 1-12
1.11.5 TOPS-20 WATCH: A Program for Measuring System
Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
1.12 NOTEBOOK 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
1.12.1 TOPS-20 Monitor Table Descriptions . . . . . . 1-12
1.12.2 TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.12.3 TOPS-20 MAKVFU Specification . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.12.4 TOPS-20 BUGHLT Document . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.13 NOTEBOOK 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.13.1 Introduction to DATATRIEVE-20 . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.13.2 DATATRIEVE-20 User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.13.3 DATATRIEVE-20 Reference Manual . . . . . . . . 1-14
1.13.4 DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Using Graphics . . . . 1-14
1.13.5 DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Writing Reports . . . . 1-14
1.14 NOTEBOOK 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
1.14.1 Introduction to Interactive Query Language . . 1-15
1.14.2 Interactive Query Language User's Guide . . . 1-15
1.14.3 TOPS-20 RMS User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
1.14.4 RMS-20 Programmer's Reference Manual . . . . . 1-15
1.14.5 DIU User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
1.15 NOTEBOOK 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
1.15.1 DECsystem-10/20 ALGOL Programmer's Guide . . . 1-16
1.15.2 APLSF Language Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
1.15.3 TOPS-20 BASIC-PLUS-2 Language Manual . . . . . 1-16
1.16 NOTEBOOK 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
1.16.1 DECsystem-10/20 Conversational Programming
Language Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
1.16.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language Manual . . . 1-17
1.16.3 TOPS-20 FORTRAN Installation Guide . . . . . . 1-17
1.17 NOTEBOOK 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
1.17.1 TOPS-20 SORT/MERGE User's Guide . . . . . . . 1-17
1.17.2 TOPS-20 COBOL Language Manual . . . . . . . . 1-18
1.17.3 TOPS-20 COBOL Installation Guide . . . . . . . 1-18
1.18 NOTEBOOK 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
1.18.1 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL Conversion Utility Guide 1-18
1.18.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 Language Manual . . . 1-19
1.18.3 DIL User Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
1.19 NOTEBOOK 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
1.19.1 BLISS-36 User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
1.19.2 BLISS Language Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
iv
1.19.3 BLISS-36 Installation Notes . . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.20 NOTEBOOK 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.20.1 TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.20.2 TOPS-20 PASCAL Primer . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
1.20.3 TOPS-20 PASCAL Installation Guide . . . . . . 1-21
1.20.4 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Common Math Library Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
1.21 NOTEBOOK 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
1.21.1 DBMS-20 Documentation Directory . . . . . . . 1-21
1.21.2 DBMS-20 User's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
1.21.3 DBMS-20 Data Description Language Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
1.21.4 DBMS-20 Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
1.22 NOTEBOOK 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
1.22.1 DBMS-20 Data Manipulation Language Reference
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
1.22.2 DBMS-20 Utilities Manual . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
1.22.3 DBMS-20 DBCS Error Message Manual . . . . . . 1-22
1.22.4 TRAFFIC-20 Programmer's Manual . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.23 NOTEBOOK 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.23.1 EDT-20 Primer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.23.2 EDT-20 Reference Manual . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.24 NOTEBOOK 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.24.1 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway Management Guide . 1-23
1.24.2 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry User's and
Operator's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
1.24.3 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application Interface
Programmer's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
CHAPTER 2 WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.1 OVERVIEW OF DECSYSTEM-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.2 TECHNICAL INTRODUCTION TO DECSYSTEM-20 . . . . . . 2-1
2.3 THE OPERATING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.3.1 TOPS-20 COMMAND LANGUAGE PROCESSOR, THE EXEC . . 2-1
2.3.1.1 Overview of the EXEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.3.1.2 EXEC commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.3.2 GALAXY: THE BATCH AND SPOOLING SYSTEM . . . . . 2-2
2.3.2.1 Overview of GALAXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.3.2.2 GALAXY Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.3.2.3 The OPR Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.3.3 JOBS AND PROCESSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.3.4 PROCESS COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.3.4.1 Direct Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.3.4.2 Interprocess Communication Facility . . . . . 2-4
2.3.4.3 Software Interrupt System . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.3.4.4 Enqueue/Dequeue (ENQ/DEQ) . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.3.4.5 Memory Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.3.5 THE TOPS-20 MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.3.6 VIRTUAL MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.3.7 THE FILE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
v
2.3.7.1 Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.7.2 File Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.7.3 File Directories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.7.4 System Files and Directories . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.7.5 Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.3.7.6 Archiving Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.3.7.7 Tape Labelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.3.8 CONSOLE FRONT-END PROCESSOR AND SOFTWARE . . . . 2-8
2.3.8.1 Console Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.3.8.2 Command Terminal Functions . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.3.8.3 Diagnostic/Maintenance Functions . . . . . . . 2-8
2.4 KL10-E PROCESSOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.4.1 KL10 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND SWITCHES . . . . . 2-9
2.4.2 Overview of KL10 CPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.4.3 TECHNICAL EXPLANATION OF KL10 CPU . . . . . . . 2-9
2.4.4 KL10 MEMORY SUBSYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.4.4.1 Overview of DECSYSTEM-20 Memory . . . . . . 2-10
2.4.4.2 Technical Explanation of KL10 Memory . . . . 2-10
2.4.4.3 Memory Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.4.5 FRONT-END SUBSYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.4.6 INPUT/OUTPUT SUBSYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.5 KS10 PROCESSOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.5.1 KS10 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND SWITCHES . . . . 2-11
2.5.2 KS10 Technical Overview . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.5.3 TECHNICAL EXPLANATION OF KS10 CPU . . . . . . 2-11
2.5.4 KS10 MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.5.4.1 Overview of KS10 memory . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.5.4.2 Technical Explanation of KS10 Memory . . . . 2-12
2.5.4.3 Memory Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.5.5 KS10 CONSOLE SUBSYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.6 PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2.6.1 MASS-STORAGE PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2.6.1.1 Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2.6.1.2 Tape Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2.6.2 UNIT-RECORD PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.6.2.1 Line Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.6.2.2 Cardreaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.6.3 TERMINALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.6.4 DN20 COMMUNICATIONS FRONT END . . . . . . . . 2-15
2.7 THE LANGUAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2.7.1 TOPS-20 ASSEMBLER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2.7.2 DEBUGGING TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2.7.3 FORTRAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.7.4 COBOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.7.5 COBOL-68 and COBOL-74 . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.7.6 ALGOL-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.7.7 BASIC-PLUS-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.7.8 APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.7.9 BLISS-36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.7.10 CPL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.7.11 PASCAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.8 DATA MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION . . . . . . . . 2-18
vi
2.8.1 DBMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.8.1.1 Data Description Process . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.8.1.2 DBMS Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.8.2 IQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.8.3 SORT/MERGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.8.4 RMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.8.5 TRAFFIC-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.9 NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.9.1 DECNET-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
2.9.2 PSI-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
2.9.3 REMOTE JOB ENTRY STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
2.9.4 LAT NETWORK MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
2.9.4.1 LAT Software Overview . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
2.9.4.2 Loading and Dumping LAT Servers . . . . . . 2-21
2.9.4.3 Specifying LAT Parameters . . . . . . . . . 2-21
2.9.4.4 Joining an Existing LAT Network . . . . . . 2-21
2.9.4.5 Starting and Stopping LAT Server Access . . 2-22
2.9.4.6 Monitoring the LAT Network from TOPS-20 . . 2-22
2.9.4.7 NI Availiblility for LAT . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2.10 INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2.10.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2.10.1.1 CHECKD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2.10.1.2 DLUSER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2.10.1.3 DUMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2.10.1.4 GALGEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
2.10.2 SYSTEM STARTUP/SHUTDOWN . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
2.10.2.1 Powering up the System . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
2.10.2.2 Loading the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
2.10.2.3 Shutting Down the System . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
2.10.2.4 KLINIT Initialization Dialogue . . . . . . . 2-25
2.10.2.5 Loading the TOPS-20 Monitor . . . . . . . . 2-25
2.10.2.6 System Startup Files . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
2.10.2.7 Multi-System Installation . . . . . . . . . 2-26
2.10.2.8 TCP/IP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
2.10.2.9 Selecting a TOPS-20 Monitor . . . . . . . . 2-26
2.10.2.10 Creating System Defaults . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
2.10.2.11 Tailoring GALAXY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
2.10.2.12 Creating the Front-End File System . . . . . 2-27
2.11 STRUCTURES AND DIRECTORIES . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
2.11.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
2.11.1.1 DUMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.11.1.2 CHECKD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.11.1.3 DLUSER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.11.1.4 ^ECREATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.11.2 SYSTEM STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
2.11.3 LOGIN STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2.11.4 MOUNTABLE STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2.11.5 STRUCTURE NAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2.11.6 STRUCTURE SIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
2.11.7 STRUCTURE PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
2.11.8 CREATING A STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
2.11.9 CREATING A DIRECTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
vii
2.11.10 DIRECTORY AND FILE PROTECTION . . . . . . . . 2-31
2.12 ACCOUNTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
2.12.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
2.12.1.1 ACTGEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
2.12.1.2 CHKPNT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.12.2 ACCOUNTING SCHEMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.12.3 SETTING UP ACCOUNTING ON THE SYSTEM . . . . . 2-32
2.12.4 CREATING THE ACCOUNTS-TABLE DATABASE . . . . . 2-32
2.12.5 DATA COLLECTION AND REPORT GENERATION . . . . 2-33
2.12.5.1 Checkpointing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
2.12.5.2 Event-Driven Accounting Data . . . . . . . . 2-33
2.12.5.3 Creating USAGE Files . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
2.12.5.4 Report Generation from USAGE Files . . . . . 2-34
2.13 SYSTEM BACKUP PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
2.13.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
2.13.1.1 EXEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
2.13.1.2 OPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
2.13.1.3 DUMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
2.13.2 INTRODUCTION TO BACKUP PROCEDURES . . . . . . 2-35
2.14 TAPE STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
2.14.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
2.14.1.1 REAPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
2.14.1.2 DUMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
2.14.2 ARCHIVING AND RETRIEVAL . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
2.14.3 MIGRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
2.14.4 TAPE LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
2.14.5 AUTOMATIC VOLUME RECOGNITION . . . . . . . . . 2-37
2.14.6 SHARING TAPE DRIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
2.15 ERROR DETECTION AND RECOVERY . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.1 TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.1.1 CHECKD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.1.2 DLUSER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.1.3 DOBOPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.1.4 SPEAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.15.2 SYSTEM STARTUP ERROR MESSAGES . . . . . . . . 2-39
2.15.3 HOME BLOCK AND BAT BLOCK MESSAGES . . . . . . 2-39
2.15.4 MEMORY PARITY ERRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
2.15.5 DX20 ERROR MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
2.15.6 DEVICE ERROR MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40
2.15.7 BUGINFS, BUGCHECKS, BUGHLTS . . . . . . . . . 2-40
2.15.8 SYSTEM RELOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40
2.15.9 SYSTEM CRASHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40
2.15.10 DUMP-ON-BUGCHK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
2.15.11 FILE SYSTEM RECOVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
2.15.12 SPEAR AND ERROR.SYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
2.15.13 KLINK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
2.15.14 RESTARTING PROGRAMS UNDER SYSJOB . . . . . . . 2-42
2.16 MONITORING THE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
2.16.1 GETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.16.2 WATCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.17 CONTROLLING THE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.18 TUNING THE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
viii
2.18.1 CLASS SCHEDULER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
2.18.2 BIAS CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
2.18.3 MAKING BATCH JOBS LOW PRIORITY . . . . . . . . 2-44
2.18.4 IMPROVING PROGRAM STARTUP TIME . . . . . . . . 2-45
2.18.5 DYNAMIC DUAL-PORTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
2.19 SYSTEM SECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
2.19.1 PASSWORD MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
2.19.2 PRIVILEGED COMMANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.19.3 CREATING AN ACJ PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.20 CLUSTER MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.20.1 CFS HARDWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.20.2 CFS SYSTEM STARTUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2.20.3 INTERSYSTEM COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2.20.4 REMOTE OPERATOR COMMANDS . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2.20.5 CLUSTER DATA GATHERING . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2.20.6 REMOTE CLUSTER PRINTING . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
2.20.7 CLUSTERWIDE FILE DISTRIBUTION . . . . . . . . 2-48
2.20.8 LOAD BALANCING . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2.20.9 CLUSTERWIDE USERNAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2.20.10 STRUCTURE ATTRIBUTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2.20.11 CENTRALIZIED LOGIN STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . 2-49
2.20.12 RESTRICTING ACCESS TO STRUCTURES . . . . . . . 2-50
2.20.13 DISMOUNTING STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
2.20.14 CFS SYSTEM SHUTDOWN . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
INDEX
PREFACE
The TOPS-20 Documentation Directory describes the manuals of the
TOPS-20 Software Notebook set. The Notebook set consists of 24
notebooks of manuals. Some manuals serve a general purpose while
others are highly specialized. To get the most from each manual, it
is important to know where to look for the particular information of
interest to you. The purpose of this manual is to make the
information in the TOPS-20 Notebook Set easier to find.
Chapter 1, What Each Manual Contains, lists what manuals are in which
notebooks, and give a brief synopsis of each manual.
Chapter 2, Where to Find Information on Specific Topics, describes
which manuals or chapters to refer to for information on various
topics about TOPS-20.
10
CHAPTER 1
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.1 NOTEBOOK 1
1.1.1 DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
The technical summary is a detailed introduction to all aspects of the
DECSYSTEM-20 - from the processors and peripheral devices to the
TOPS-20 software and DIGITIAL's support services. The technical
summary is primarily intended for system programmers and computer
system specialist already familiar wtih computer hardware and
software. However, it contains useful information for application
programmers, system managers, and system operators.
1.1.2 TOPS-20 User's Guide
The TOPS-20 User's Guide describes the functions that you can perform
with the TOPS-20 operating system. It contains descriptions of how to
use the system, obtain system information, enter programs, run
programs, and modify programs. The audience for this manual ranges
from the entry level first-time user to the experienced higher level
language programmer.
This manual is the first document of two user-oriented manuals. Once
you learn about the functions described in this manual, you can refer
to the second and more advanced manual, the TOPS-20 Commands Reference
Manual, for compete descriptions of all of the TOPS-20 commands and
how to use them.
1.1.3 TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide
The TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide is intended for both the privileged
and the nonprivileged user who needs information on utility programs
that run on the TOPS-20 operating. This document provides detailed
information on the following TOPS-20 utility programs: MAIL, RDMAIL,
1-1
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
FILCOM, CREF, MAKLIB, DUMPER, and PLEASE. The manual contains
tutorial and reference material in each chapter to accommodate both
the novice and experienced user.
Before you use this manual, you should be familiar with the
information contained in the TOPS-20 User's Guide, and the TOPS-20
Commands Reference Manual.
1.2 NOTEBOOK 2
1.2.1 TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
The TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual is an alphabetically-arranged
description of all operating system commands (EXEC commands) available
to the nonprivileged timesharing user of TOPS-20.
In addition, there are two appendixes for quick reference - a list of
commands grouped by function, and an alphabetical summary of commands
showing what variety of argument each uses and whether it calls a
program or otherwise affects memory.
To use this manual properly, you should first read and understand the
TOPS-20 User's Guide.
1.2.2 Batch Reference Manual
The TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Batch Reference Manual describes the commands for
controlling jobs operating under the batch system. As a reader of
this manual, you are expected to be familiar with the operating system
commands available to timesharing jobs and with the commands to the
various system programs that you will use. That reference material is
not included in this manual. Therefore, it is recommended that you
use this manual with the system commands manual for your particular
operating system.
1.2.3 TOPS-20 EXEC Message Manual
This manual contains detailed explanations of the TOPS-20 EXEC, or
Command Processor, messeages. Use this manual if you need more
detailed information than is provided in a TOPS-20 message.
This manual documents messages that a nonprivileged user can get while
using the TOPS-20 Command Language. Many of the messages that a user
can receive come from TOPS-20 monitor calls. These messages are
documented in this manual, along with any information added to the
messages by the EXEC, if you can get them as a direct result of an
1-2
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
EXEC command. For a more complete listing of the messages that can
come from TOPS-20 monitor calls, see the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls
Reference Manual.
1.3 NOTEBOOK 3
1.3.1 EDIT User's Guide
This manual is written for both the beginner and the experienced
DECSYSTEM-20 users who are starting to learn EDIT. The manual
describes files and the programs that create, edit and use them.
1.3.2 EDIT Reference Manual
The DECSYSTEM-20 EDIT Reference Manual is a complete reference manual
describing the entire EDIT environment. It is designed primarily for
use by the beginner who has used and is familiar with other editors,
as well as the experienced user referencing the EDIT program.
This manual assumes that you have access to a DECSYSTEM-20 and know
how to login. This manual also assumes you know how to create a file,
do simple edits, and close a file.
1.3.3 TOPS-20 TV Editor Manual
This manual describes the TV editor. TV is a character-oriented
editor; you can modify one or more characters in a line without
retyping the rest of the line. Most editing can be done using a few
simple commands; these basic commands and concepts make up Section 1,
which is written for the first-time user. The more experienced user
can select any of a large set of sophisticated commands; these
commands are explained in Section 2, which is intended to be a
complete reference manual for the experienced TV user.
This manual assumes you are familiar with an editor, and are familiar
with the TOPS-20 User's Guide.
1.3.4 Introduction to DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF
This manual gives step-by-step instruction in the use of the DIGITAL
Standard Runoff (DSR) text-formatting program. DSR is a program that
formats documents according to certain special commands that you put
into an input file along with the text. You do not need extensive
experience with computers to use this manual. However, you should be
1-3
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
familiar with the basic concepts of your operating system, and you
should know how to create and edit files.
1.3.5 TOPS-20 DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF User's Guide
This manual describes the text-formatting program, DIGITAL Standard
Runoff (DSR), and provides usages and reference information on the
program. This manual is intended for users of the TOPS-20 operating
system who need to format documents. Users are expected to have some
familiarity with TOPS-20 system concepts and to know how to use a text
editor.
1.3.6 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 DECmail/MS Manual
This manual describes the commands for the DECmail/MS system. The
DECmail/MS mail system allows TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 users to send
messages to, and receive them from, other users. The mail system also
provides users with facilities for filing, retrieving, editing and
discarding these messages. This manual addresses users at all levels
of expertise, introducing the beginner to the DECmail/MS system, then
describing the DECmail commands in functional groupings.
1.4 NOTEBOOK 4
1.4.1 TOPS-20 DDT Manual
This manual describes the use of TOPS-20 DDT, the Dynamic Debugging
Tool for MACRO-20 programs. Although TOPS-20 DDT can be used to debug
the compiled code of programs written in higher-level languages, this
manual illustrates the use of TOPS-20 DDT to debug programs written in
MACRO-20 only.
This manual is both an introduction to the basic functions of TOPS-20
DDT and a reference guide to all TOPS-20 DDT commands and functions.
It assumes that the reader is familiar with using TOPS-20, has done
some programming in MACRO-20, and is familiar with the format of
MACRO-20 instructions.
1.4.2 DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
This document explains the machine language programming of the central
processors used in the DECsystem-10 and DECSYSTEM-20. The manual
defines how each processor functions, exactly what instructions do,
how it handles data, what control and status information means, and
1-4
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
what programming techniques and procedures must be employed to utilize
it effectively.
The text of the manual is devoted entirely to functional description
and programming. The programming is given in machine language, in
that it uses only the basic instruction and device mnemonics and
symbolic addressing defined by the assembler.
1.5 NOTEBOOK 5
1.5.1 MACRO Assembler Reference Manual
This manual is a reference for the programmer with some knowledge of
assemblers and assembly languages. MACRO is the symbolic assembler
program for the DECSYSTEM-20. The assembler reads a file of MACRO
statements and composes relocatable binary machine instruction code
suitable for loading by LINK, the system's linking loader.
1.5.2 TOPS-20 LINK Reference Manual
This document describes LINK-20, the linking loader for TOPS-20. LINK
merges independently compiled or assembled modules into a single
executable program. The manual describes how to load programs with
the DEBUG, EXECUTE, and LOAD commands, how to load programs that use
overlays, how to load programs with PSECTS, and how to load extended
addressing programs.
1.5.3 TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
This manual describes the use of TOPS-20 monitor calls, which provide
user programs with system services such as input/output, process
control, file handling, and device control. The TOPS-20 Monitor Calls
User's Guide is written for the assembly language user who is
unfamiliar with the DECSYSTEM-20 monitor calls. The manual introduces
the user to the functions that can be requested of the monitor from
within the assembly language programs. The manual also teaches the
user how to use the basic monitor calls for performing these
functions.
This manual is not a reference document, nor is it complete
documentation of the entire set of monitor calls. It is organized
according to functions, starting with the simple and proceeding to the
more advanced.
1-5
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.6 NOTEBOOK 6
1.6.1 TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference Manual
This manual describes all the monitor calls that exist in the TOPS-20
operating system. For easy reference, the monitor call descriptions
are arranged alphabetically and presented concisely. This manual is
written for the assembly language programmmer who is already familiar
with TOPS-20 monitor calls. For an introductory discussion of some
basic monitor calls, see the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide.
1.7 NOTEBOOK 7
1.7.1 TOPS-20 IBM Emulation/Termination
This manual provides information on the installation, operation, and
use of TOPS-20 IBM communications software. Installers will need to
use the entire document; others can ignore the installation procedure
and the installer's appendixes.
TOPS-20 IBM communications software products permit communication
between TOPS-20 host and IBM-type remote stations or hosts. This
manual describes the following IBM communications products:
TOPS-20 2780/3780 E/T
TOPS-20 2780/3780/HASP
TOPS-20 2780/3780/HASP for 2020
1.7.2 Introduction to DECnet Phase IV
This document is an overview of the concepts and capabilities of
DECnet networks. It defines DECnet terms and describes the network
functions that DECnet implementations can perform. Readers are
expected to be familiar with operating system concepts, but not with
DECnet.
Typical readers include the personnel at the site of a newly installed
DECnet system, who can read this manual to learn about the kind of
work DECnet enables them to perform. Another group of readers will
include system managers and designers who are thinking about using
DECnet to expand their existing DIGITAL computer systems. Also, this
manual is intended for system managers and designers who do not yet
use DIGITAL systems, but who are considering the implemetation of a
computer network. This manual will inform them about the network
capabilities that DECnet provides.
1-6
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.7.3 DECnet-20 User's Guide
This manual contains user information for DECnet-20 Version 4.0, a
product that, together with the TOPS-20 operating system, provides the
DECSYSTEM-20 family of computers with a communications interface to
DIGITAL's corporate network DECnet.
This manual includes information about using and programming DECnet-20
and should be used by:
o The application programmer responsible for writing the
programs that will be exchanging data with programs on other
systems in the network. This person should be an experienced
MACRO programmer with some knowledge of network applications.
o The terminal user, using the network utilities that do not
require privileges. Such a user, like all timesharing users,
should be familiar with the TOPS-20 Command Language.
1.7.4 DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's Guide
This manual describes the operational, control, and monitoring
functions of DECnet-20 and the TOPS-20 PSI products. These products
together with TOPS-20, provide the DECSYSTEM-2060 computers with a
communications interface to DIGITAL's corporte network, DECnet, and to
Public Packet Switching Networks, PPSNs.
The manual contains both tutorial and reference information. The
audience addressed is the DECnet-20 System Manager and the user with
OPERATOR privileges who is engaged in network management and
operational tasks under the direction of the system manager.
Readers are assumed to be experienced in TOPS-20 operations and
familiar with computer networks. Previous experience with DECnet is
not assumed.
1.7.5 DECnet-20 Network Generation and Installation Guide
This manual describes the procedures for generating and installing
DECnet-20 software on a DECSYSTEM-20 Model 2060/2065. The manual
describes the configuration of DECnet-20 nodes in a DECnet network and
details all generation, verification, and installation steps. It
describes the DECnet-20 configuration tools, and the procedures to
downline load target nodes and to generate an Ethernet or CI network,
as well as a DN20 subsystem.
1-7
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.8 NOTEBOOK 8
1.8.1 TOPS-20 PSI User's Guide
This manual contains information on:
o Writing a FORTRAN-20 or MACRO-20 program that uses the
TOPS-20 X.25 software to access a PPSN (Public Packet
Switching Network)
o Using the TOPS-20 X.29 Software to connect a terminal -
through a PPSN - to a TOPS-20 host
The reader of this manual should:
o Be an experienced FORTRAN-20 or MACRO-20 programmer.
o Have read all user documentation published by the user's
PPSN.
o Have access to CCITT publications that describe the X.3,
X.25, and X.29 recommendations.
1.8.2 TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide
This manual describes the configuration of TOPS-20 PSI nodes in a
DECnet network and details all generation, verification, and
installation steps. It describes configuration tools, the procedures
to generate DN20 subsystems, the X25GEN (X.25 GENeration) program
commands and parameters, and illustrates a sample system
configuration.
1.8.3 FTS-20 Reference Manual
The FTS-20 Reference Manual contains the information needed to use,
operate, and install FTS-20, a file transfer spooler that together
with DECnet-20 network software and the TOPS-20 operating system
provides spooled and immediate network file transfer capabilities.
This manual is directed to a wide range of users from the terminal
user to the system programmer. To guide the reader, the manual is
organized into four parts plus appendixes. Depending on what action
you wish to perform and what kind of user you are, you will
concentrate on and use different parts of the manual. If you are are
a terminal user, read Part 1. If you are an applications programmer,
a system manager, or a system programmer, read the entire manual.
1-8
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.8.4 TOPS-20 DECnet-20 Programmer's Guide and Operations Manual
This manual describes DECnet-20, a product that together with TOPS-20
provides the DECSYSTEM-20 family of computers with a communications
interface to DIGITAL's corporate network, DECnet. This manual is
usable with both DECnet-20 Version 2 and DECnet-20 Version 2.1.
1.9 NOTEBOOK 9
1.9.1 TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
This manual is written for the person who is responsible for
establishing policies and procedures for a timesharing or batch
processing installation using the TOPS-20 Operating System. Usually,
this person is responsible for setting up and maintaining both the
system hardware and software.
This guide deals primarily with your system software. It contains
general suggestions for planning the installation of your software and
for setting up your computer room to begin operations. The guide
contains hints and suggestions for you system's operation, including
when, and many times why, particular functions or procedures should be
considered. It assumes that your system operator is responsible for
implementing many of the decisions you make.
1.9.2 TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
This manual describes the procedures for installing TOPS-20 Version
7.0 on a new system and updating TOPS-20 software on an existing KL10
Model B system. It also includes information on installing TCP/IP-20
(Transmission Control/Internet Protocol), and generating tailored
GALAXY software.
This guide addresses TOPS-20 operators, system managers, and others
who have the responsiblility to:
o Install the TOPS-20 software on a new DECSYSTEM-20
o Update the TOPS-20 software on an existing DECSYSTEM-20
o Install the TCP/IP-20 software
o Generate a tailored batch and spooling (GALAXY) system
1-9
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.9.3 TOPS-20 KS/KL Model A Installation Guide
This manual describes the procedures for installing TOPS-20, Version
4.1 software on a new DECSYSTEM 2020 or DECSYSTEM-20 Model A and for
updating the TOPS-20 software on an existing DECSYSTEM 2020 or
DECSYSTEM-20 Model A.
1.9.4 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 UETP Procedures/Reference Manual
This manual describes Version 2 of the User Environment Test Package
(UETP) developed for testing various elements of the TOPS-10/TOPS-20
software. This manual is organized into two parts. Part I, Standard
Verification Procedures, describes the procedure for running UETP to
verify the integrity of your newly installed operating system. Part
II, UETP Reference Manual, describes the UETP system and its component
parts.
1.10 NOTEBOOK 10
1.10.1 TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
This guide provides the operator an overview of the TOPS-20 operating
system and serves as a task-oriented reference for operating the
various hardware components that support the TOPS-20 software.
Although various installations may run their systems differently, this
guide describes a general set of procedures for running the TOPS-20
software on the various hardware systems. Each installation should
tailor these procedures to suit its needs and add procedures for
specific applications.
1.10.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and Maintenance
Guide
This manual describes the operation and maintenance of the major
available peripheral devices that can be connected to the TOPS-10 and
TOPS-20 series hardware systems. Each chapter describes a different
peripheral line device. This guide is written for experienced TOPS-10
and TOPS-20 operators.
1.10.3 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual
This manual describes Version 2.0 of SPEAR (Standard Package for Error
Analysis and Reporting) on TOPS-10 and TOPS-20. The primary audience
1-10
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
for this manual is a person with experience in the following areas:
o Fault isolation techniques
o KL10 instruction set
o All hardware connected to the various configurations of
TOPS-10 or TOPS-20
This manual has three functions: it serves as a learning aid, a
user's guide, and a reference tool for those who already have learned
to use the SPEAR Library.
1.11 NOTEBOOK 11
1.11.1 TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
This manual describes all operator commands that use the Operator
Interface Command Language (OPR), LCP Privileged Commands, and PTYCON
commands. The commands are arranged in an alphabetical order within
the command language being described.
This manual is designed primarily for the beginning operator as well
as the experienced operator who needs additional information about the
various TOPS-20 operator commands. It assumes that the reader has
OPERATOR, SEMI-OPERATOR, or WHEEL privileges and knows how to login as
operator.
1.11.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
This reference manual describes RSX-20F, the operating system that
runs on the PDP-11/40 front-end processor of KL-based computers.
RSX-20F loads the KL microcode, configures main and cache memory,
loads the KL microcode, loads the boot program, and performs
diagnostics.
The audience for this manual comprises Software Support Specialists,
Field Service personnel, systems programmmers, and system operators.
It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the PDP-11 hardware,
RSX-11 operating systems, and either TOPS-10 or TOPS-20.
This manual does not contain everything anyone would like to know
about RSX-20F. The information contained here was included because it
seemed to be especially important and useful to the largest part of
the audience.
1-11
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.11.3 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification
This document describes the format and use of USAGE files for TOPS-10
and TOPS-20 operating systems. USAGE files contain data used to
account for computer resource utilization. The manual includes a
brief discussion of downstream billing programs supplied with TOPS-20
systems.
The USAGE File Specification is written for the applications
programmer who must write or modify a billing or accounting program
that reads USAGE files as input.
1.11.4 TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual
This manual describes the types of labels that can be read from and
written onto magnetic tapes by the TOPS-20 operating system. In
addition, this manual describes label processing, file processing, and
unlabeled tape organization and processing. The manual also contains
various programming hints for the assembly, COBOL, and FORTRAN
language programmers.
This manual is written for the person who must plan, generate,
maintain, extend, and control the magnetic tape usage of the system to
improve the overall productivity of an installation.
1.11.5 TOPS-20 WATCH: A Program for Measuring System Usage
This document describes the WATCH program and defines the statistics
that are output by the program. The WATCH program collects data about
system usages and job performance. This document is intended to make
the WATCH program a more useful tool for all TOPS-20 users and in
particular, for system managers/analysts. To this end, the document
describes some uses of the program and suggest ways of collecting and
interpreting the data.
This document assumes that its readers are thoroughly familiar with
the TOPS-20 operating system.
1.12 NOTEBOOK 12
1.12.1 TOPS-20 Monitor Table Descriptions
This document describes the internal tables of the TOPS-20 operating
system. In addition to the tables themselves, this book also contains
one appendix, which lists in alphabetical order the names of the
monitor modules and tables defined in each.
1-12
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.12.2 TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification
This document describes the various uses of the CHECKD program. In
addition, it describes all the available CHECKD commands and error
messages.
The document is written for the user who is familiar with the TOPS-20
file system and must use CHECKD periodically to correct various
programs in the file system. CHECKD is a program that is used to
check the TOPS-20 file system and bit table for consistent data.
1.12.3 TOPS-20 MAKVFU Specification
This document is intended for users who will be creating a Direct
Access Vertical Format Unit file to control the line printer's
vertical spacing.
1.12.4 TOPS-20 BUGHLT Document
This document contains a listing of the TOPS-20 BUGINFs, BUGCHKs, and
BUGHLTs, printed on the TOPS-20 console, and give an explanation of
most of the error conditions. The list is in alphabetical order
according to the name of the BUG.
1.13 NOTEBOOK 13
1.13.1 Introduction to DATATRIEVE-20
This book introduces you to DATATRIEVE-20. It begins with a brief
overview of information management and the use of DATATRIEVE-20. It
then guides you through the basic tasks you can perform with
DATATRIEVE-20.
This manual assumes you can use your terminal to log in to your local
computer system. It is intended for people who are unfamiliar with
the basis elements of DATATRIEVE-20.
1.13.2 DATATRIEVE-20 User's Guide
This manual is a guide to the interactive use of DATATRIEVE-20. It
explains the concepts of DATATRIEVE-20 and its terminology. This
manual describes how to define domains, records, tables, and
procedures; and how to catalog them in the Data Dictionary. This
manual describes various ways of managing your data and retrieving
1-13
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
information from it.
The manual is intended for those who:
o Have read and done the examples in the Introduction to
DATATRIEVE-20 manual
o Have experience using DATATRIEVE-11 or VAX DATATRIEVE
o Have experience in applications programming but are
unfamiliar with DATATRIEVE-20
1.13.3 DATATRIEVE-20 Reference Manual
This manual describes DATATRIEVE-20 Version 1 and provides reference
information on DATATRIEVE terms, concepts, syntax elements, commands,
statements, and definition clauses.
The manual assumes you have working knowledge of DATATRIEVE or know
the basic concepts of data processing and are familiar with the
TOPS-20 operating system.
This book addresses people who are familiar wih the basic elements of
DATATRIEVE-20.
1.13.4 DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Using Graphics
This manual explains how to use DATATRIEVE to represent data in
graphic format. All DATATRIEVE users who would like to represent
their data in bar charts, line graphs, pie charts, or scattergraphs
should use this manual. This manual assumes that you have a basic
understanding of DATATRIEVE concepts.
1.13.5 DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Writing Reports
This manual describes how to write reports with DATATRIEVE-20. You
should use this manual if you want to produce reports using data
managed by DATATRIEVE-20. The manual assumes that you have read or
are familiar with all of the material covered in the Introduction to
DATATRIEVE-20.
1.14 NOTEBOOK 14
1-14
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.14.1 Introduction to Interactive Query Language
This manual contains introductory usage information about the query
capability of the Interactive Query Language (IQL). It is written for
the user who has never worked with the IQL. Users who have some
experience with IQL but want to review its concepts should also find
it useful. This manual contains examples showing how to use all the
basic query statements, with explanations of how the statements are
put together to form a complete query.
1.14.2 Interactive Query Language User's Guide
This manual describes the features of IQL Release 3.0, which is a full
data management system with comprehensive input, update, browse, and
report capabilities.
This guide describes each function in detail. However, the guide is
not intended to be a teaching manual. As a prerequisite of reading
this guide, it is recommended that you read the companion manual, An
Introduction to IOL, which presents a series of example sessions
showing most of the features used in this guide.
This guide assumes that you are familiar with DBMS schemas and that
you know how to read a DBMS data base through FIND and GET operations
of IQL.
1.14.3 TOPS-20 RMS User's Guide
This manual describes how to use the Record Management Services
(RMS-20). RMS is the file and record access subsystem of the TOPS-20
operating system.
This manual is aimed at all levels of user. If you are a novice, you
can use the manual as a steppingstone to a basic understanding of
record and file management. Experienced users unfamiliar with DIGITAL
software can use the manual to gain familiarity with DIGITAL terms and
techniques. Experienced DIGITAL users should find the manual useful
because it explains the Record Management Services of the TOPS-20
operating system.
1.14.4 RMS-20 Programmer's Reference Manual
This document describes RMS-20 argument blocks and services for
programmers. It is intended for the experienced user of TOPS-20 or
RMS. The document consists of three parts. Part 1 introduces you to
general mechanisms and conventions associated with TOPS-20 RMS. Part
1-15
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
II describes each RMS argument block, including a complete listing and
description of each field. Part III lists the format of each RMS
service and describes each service in detail.
1.14.5 DIU User's Guide
This document contains information on DIU, a file transfer spooler
that together with DECnet network software and the TOPS-20 operating
system provides spooled and immediate network file transfer
capabilities. This manual consists of the information needed to use,
operate, and install DIU. It is directed to a wide range of users
from the terminal user to the system programmer or manager.
1.15 NOTEBOOK 15
1.15.1 DECsystem-10/20 ALGOL Programmer's Guide
This manual describes the language elements of ALGOL on both the
TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. This manual is written both
for the user who is famililar with ALGOL implementations and for the
user who has no knowledge of ALGOL but is reasonably fluent in a
high-level scientific programming language. The manual is not a
primer in high-level languages.
1.15.2 APLSF Language Manual
This manual describes the language elements of APL-Basic and APLSF on
both the TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. These are two
implementations of APL on each system, APL-Basic and APLSF (System
Functions). APLSF is a superset of APL-Basic.
This document is not an APL tutorial manual. Therefore, if you are
unfamiliar with the APL language, you should read an APL primer before
reading this manual.
1.15.3 TOPS-20 BASIC-PLUS-2 Language Manual
This manual is a complete reference to the the BASIC-PLUS-2
programming language as implemented on the TOPS-20 Operating System.
This manual is neither a primer nor a user's guide.
For easy reference the first page of each chapter contains a listing
of that chapter's major subsections. In addition, Appendix F contains
a brief summary of the BASIC statements, functions, and operations.
1-16
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.16 NOTEBOOK 16
1.16.1 DECsystem-10/20 Conversational Programming Language Manual
This manual describes how to use the CPL programming language for both
the TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. This manual is intended to
be both a tutorial and a reference manual. Each chapter, and
sometimes each section, will discuss features in a general way that
the beginner should be able to understand. Later in the chapter or
section there will follow more detailed and comprehensive technical
coverage of the subject.
Therefore the reader should approach this manual as follows: at the
first reading, read quickly, skimming over or skipping sections that
you do not understand. Later, when you need more technical details,
you can go back and read the more difficult sections.
1.16.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language Manual
This manual describes the FORTRAN language as implemented for the
TOPS-10 operating system (FORTRAN-10) and the TOPS-20 operating system
(FORTRAN-20) Any differences between FORTRAN-10 and FORTRAN-20 are
noted in this manual.
Since this is a reference manual, it assumes that you have used
FORTRAN before. If you haven't, you should read one of the many
introductory FORTRAN texts.
1.16.3 TOPS-20 FORTRAN Installation Guide
This manual describes how to install the FORTRAN-20 Version 11
software.
1.17 NOTEBOOK 17
1.17.1 TOPS-20 SORT/MERGE User's Guide
This manual is written for those who want to sort data using the
SORT/MERGE utility program. As a user's guide, this manual provides
user material for anyone with experience on a computer system to
successfully sort any of the file formats supported by SORT/MERGE.
The intended audience can be composed of the users having one or more
of the following:
1-17
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
o User experience with a computer system
o High-level language programming experience
o Knowledge of data internal representations
o Knowledge of data file formats
However, if you are a beginning user who has never used a sorting
utility, Chapter 1 has been written to help you get started with the
SORT/MERGE utility.
1.17.2 TOPS-20 COBOL Language Manual
This manual describes COBOL as it has been implemented on the TOPS-20
operating system. Part 1 of this manual outlines the topics to be
covered in each chapter. Part 2 describes the COBOL compiler and
presents the vocabulary and the syntax of the language. Part 3
provides the information necessary to use the COBOL system, including
performance improvement, utilities, and various features of COBOL.
Part 4 contains four appendixes and a glossary of COBOL terms.
It is assumed that the reader has a knowledge of the COBOL language.
This manual is intended primarily for reference and is not a tutorial
guide for beginning COBOL programmers.
1.17.3 TOPS-20 COBOL Installation Guide
This document describes the procedures for building and installing all
supported COBOL system configurations. It assumes that your
installation is licensed for COBOL and SORT/MERGE. If this is not the
case, then the instructions are valid but certain save sets are empty,
and certain files are missing from the first one or two save sets.
1.18 NOTEBOOK 18
1.18.1 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL Conversion Utility Guide
This manual describes the COBOL-68 to COBOL-74 converter utility
program, 68274, as it has been implemented on the TOPS-10 and TOPS-20
operating systems.
It is assumed that the reader has a knowledge of COBOL-68 and COBOL-74
languages. This manual is intended as a guide and as a reference
manual for COBOL programmers who wish to convert COBOL-68 programs to
COBOL-74 programs.
1-18
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.18.2 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 Language Manual
This manual describes COBOL-74 as it has been implemented on the
TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. Part 1 of this manual outlines
the topics to be covered in each chapter. Part 2 describes the
COBOL-74 compiler and presents the vocabulary and syntax of the
language. Part 3 provides the information necessary to use the COBOL
system, including performance improvement, utilities, and various
features of COBOL-74. Part 4 contains appended material.
It is assumed that the reader has a knowledge of the COBOL language.
This manual is intended primarily for reference and is not a tutorial
guide for beginning COBOL programmers.
1.18.3 DIL User Reference Manual
This manual describes the Data Interchange Library (DIL) and explains
how to use it. DIL is a set of callable subroutines that can be used
by COBOL and FORTRAN programmers on TOPS-20, and TOPS-10, and VMS
systems.
The manual consists of three basic parts: introductory material,
reference sections and appendixes. The introductory chapters present
the concepts and capabilities of each part of the Data Interchange
Library. The reference portion of the manual is divided first into
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 and VMS sections, and gives specific instructions for
using the DIL subroutines from your operating system. The appendixes
contain in-depth information about the DIL.
1.19 NOTEBOOK 19
1.19.1 BLISS-36 User's Guide
This manual is a user's guide for the BLISS-36 compiler, which runs on
TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. It provides three kinds of
information: basic operating instructions, advanced material, and
reference information. This manual is intended as a companion manual
to the BLISS language Guide.
This guide is intended for users of the BLISS-36 programming language.
It assumes the reader is familiar with the TOPS-10 or TOPS-20
operating system, its commands language, and file-system conventions.
1.19.2 BLISS Language Guide
This document is a combined tutorial and reference manual for the
1-19
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
BLISS programming language, which consists of the dialects BLISS-16,
BLISS-32, and BLISS-36. The manual is intended as a self teaching
manual for experienced higher-level language users, and as a reference
tool. It is primarily intended for system programmers.
It is also addressed to other programmers concerned with transferring
programs between several BLISS target systems. The manual assumes
that the reader is familiar with the basic architecture of one or more
of the target system. The BLISS target systems are VAX, PDP-11,
DECsystem-10, and DECSYSTEM-20.
1.19.3 BLISS-36 Installation Notes
This document describes how to install BLISS-36 on either a TOPS-20 or
a TOPS-10 system.
1.20 NOTEBOOK 20
1.20.1 TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual
This manual describes the PASCAL language and the PASCAL debugger,
PASDDT, as they are implemented on the TOPS-20 operating system. This
document is designed primarily for reference; It is not a tutorial
document.
This manual is intended for readers who know the PASCAL language. The
reader need not have detailed understanding of the TOPS-20 operating
system, but some familiarity with it is helpful.
1.20.2 TOPS-20 PASCAL Primer
This document introduces the TOPS-20 PASCAL language. It is intended
to be used by programmers who are new to TOPS-20 PASCAL. PASCAL-20 is
an extended implementation of the standard proposed for the PASCAL
language by the International Standarization Organization (ISO). This
manual describes a subset of PASCAL-20, omitting some advanced
features of the language.
This manual does not attempt to teach programming concepts. It is
assumed that you have experience programming in a high-level language.
However, prior knowledge of the PASCAL language is not necessary.
1-20
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.20.3 TOPS-20 PASCAL Installation Guide
This document contains instructions for installing the TOPS-20 PASCAL
compiler on the TOPS-20 operating system. It is a complete
installation and verification package for TOPS-20 PASCAL.
The audience for this document is the system manager or operator, one
who is familiar with the installation and operation of the system
software.
1.20.4 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Common Math Library Reference Manual
This manual describes the mathematical routines that constitute the
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Math Library, which contains a set of routines that
perform the various mathematical functions for several types of data.
1.21 NOTEBOOK 21
1.21.1 DBMS-20 Documentation Directory
This manual contains annotated lists of contents, reading paths, a
master table of contents, and a master index to the DBMS-20
documentation set.
1.21.2 DBMS-20 User's Guide
This manual is an introduction to data base management concepts and
operations. It contains information to aid the user in designing and
implementing a data base management system using DBMS-20.
1.21.3 DBMS-20 Data Description Language Reference Manual
This manual describes the syntax and usages of the statements of the
Data Description Language (DDL). In addition, this manual documents
the SCHEMA program.
The user of this manual should be familiar with data base concepts.
DBMS-20 is a CODASYL-type network-model data base management system.
1.21.4 DBMS-20 Installation Guide
This manual details the installation procedure for DBMS-20 Version
1-21
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
6.1. It also discusses how to maintain DBMS-20, by individually
applying published edits and by using Autopatch. Before reading this
manual, you should be familiar with basic DBMS concepts.
1.22 NOTEBOOK 22
1.22.1 DBMS-20 Data Manipulation Language Reference Manual
This reference guide describes the syntax and usage of the statements
of the Data Manipulation Language (DML) of DBMS-20. In addition, this
manual documents the FORDML program, which is the FORTRAN
preprocessor.
This manual is written for the programmer who works with the data
base. The DML can be used with either FORTRAN or COBOL. The
languages themselves are not described, only the interface with the
DML is described. The programmer should be familiar with data base
concepts. However, some introductory information can be found in
Chapter 1.
1.22.2 DBMS-20 Utilities Manual
This manual describes the Data Base Mend (DBMEND) utility, the Data
Base Information (DBINFO) utility, the Extended Data Manipulation
Language (XDML) utility, and the Statistics (STATS) subroutine. These
utilities help you access, manipulate, maintain and tune data bases.
This manual also documents the formats of the journal file and the
.LOK file.
This manual is written for the knowledgeable DBMS-20 user. It does
not explain all the DBMS-20 concepts, although it does provide
background information on the utilities themselves.
1.22.3 DBMS-20 DBCS Error Message Manual
This manual describes all the exceptions and run-time messages that
are generated by DBCS, the Data Base Control System. Almost all DBCS
problems are reported directly to your run unit, in the form of a
SYSCOM report. Some DBCS problems are reported to the user directly
in the form of a message printed on the terminal. This manual
documents all of the information that DBCS gives you, whether it is in
the form of a SYSCOM report or a run-time message.
1-22
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
1.22.4 TRAFFIC-20 Programmer's Manual
This document is for the programmer who is going to develop an
application program with TRAFFIC-20 using COBOL, FORTRAN, or MACRO.
The reader of this document should also be familiar with the TOPS-20
operating system and a TOPS-20 text editor.
1.23 NOTEBOOK 23
1.23.1 EDT-20 Primer
This manual describes how to use EDT to create and edit text files
interactively on the TOPS-20 operating system. It consists of
explanations and examples of EDT editing operations and tasks. The
manual is intended for all levels of users; beginners through
experienced.
EDT, DIGITIAL's standard text editor, is designed to use on these
operating systems: VAX/VMS, RSTS/E, RSX-11M, RSX-11M-PLUS, and
TOPS-20.
1.23.2 EDT-20 Reference Manual
This manual contains reference information for using the EDT-20
editor. EDT-20 is similar to EDT Version 3, available on other
DIGITAL operating systems.
1.24 NOTEBOOK 24
1.24.1 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway Management Guide
This manual is directed to DECnet-20 system managers or users
experienced in DECnet-20 management concepts. It explains how to
install DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway concepts. It explains how to
install DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway Management software that will
reside on the DECnet-20 node. The manual also describes management
tasks such as how to control and monitor the running DECnet/SNA
network.
1.24.2 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry User's and Operator's
Guide
This guide provides information on the installation, operation, and
use of DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry software. With this
1-23
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
software, you can define, initialize, control, and use DECnet/SNA
TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry workstations.
This manual addresses the following readers:
o TOPS-20 users who will submit jobs to IBM host
o Operators at the TOPS-20 host where the DECnet/SNA TOPS-20
Remote Job Entry software is running
o System programmers or managers installing the DECnet/SNA
TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry Software
1.24.3 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application Interface Programmer's Guide
This manual contains information on writing MACRO-20 programs that use
the DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application Interface to access an IBM system
through the DECnet/SNA Gateway.
The reader of this manual should:
o Be an experienced MACRO-20 programmer.
o Have indepth knowledge of IBM's System Network Architecture
(SNA).
o Have access to DIGITAL and IBM publications.
1-24
CHAPTER 2
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.1 OVERVIEW OF DECSYSTEM-20
To find an overview of the DECSYSTEM-20, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 2, Overview
2.2 TECHNICAL INTRODUCTION TO DECSYSTEM-20
To find a technical introduction to DECSYSTEM-20, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 1, Introduction
2.3 THE OPERATING SYSTEM
The following sections describe where to find information on the
TOPS-20 operating system.
2.3.1 TOPS-20 COMMAND LANGUAGE PROCESSOR, THE EXEC
The following sections describe where to find information on the
TOPS-20 Command Language Processor, called the EXEC.
2-1
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.3.1.1 Overview of the EXEC - To find an overview of the EXEC, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 2, Overview
o Chapter 4, The Operating System
2.3.1.2 EXEC commands - To find a complete description of all the
EXEC commands, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
2.3.2 GALAXY: THE BATCH AND SPOOLING SYSTEM
The following sections describe where to find information on the batch
and spooling subsystem, called GALAXY.
2.3.2.1 Overview of GALAXY - To find an overview of the GALAXY
subsystem, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 4, The Operating System
2.3.2.2 GALAXY Components - To find information on GALAXY components,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 6, BATCH Software Tasks
2-2
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.3.2.3 The OPR Interface - To find information on the OPR interface,
see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 5, The Operator Interface, OPR
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 2, The Operator Interface, OPR
2.3.3 JOBS AND PROCESSES
To find information on jobs and processes, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 4, The Operating System
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 1, Getting on and off the System
2.3.4 PROCESS COMMUNICATION
The following sections describe where to find information on process
communication.
2.3.4.1 Direct Process Control - To find information on direct
process control, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
o Chapter 5, Process Structure
2-3
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.3.4.2 Interprocess Communication Facility - To find information on
the Interprocess Communication Facility, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
o Chapter 5, Process Structure
o Chapter 7, Inter-process Communication Facility
2.3.4.3 Software Interrupt System - To find information on the
Software Interrupt System, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
o Chapter 4, Using the Software Interrupt System
2.3.4.4 Enqueue/Dequeue (ENQ/DEQ) - To find information on
Enqueue/Dequeue, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
o Chapter 5, Processor Structure
o Chapter 6, Enqueue/Dequeue Facility
2.3.4.5 Memory Sharing - To find information on memory sharing, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
o Chapter 5, Process Structure
2.3.5 THE TOPS-20 MONITOR
To find information on the TOPS-20 monitor, see the following manuals:
2-4
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 2, The Operating System
NOTEBOOK 5
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's Guide
NOTEBOOK 6
o TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference Manual
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 1, Introduction
o Chapter 3, Tailoring the System
o Appendix A, Updating the DECSYSTEM-20 Software
2.3.6 VIRTUAL MEMORY
To find information on virtual memory, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 4, The Operating System
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 3, KL10 System Operations
2.3.7 THE FILE SYSTEM
The following sections describe where to find information on the file
system.
2-5
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.3.7.1 Files - To find information on files, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 5, Creating and Editing Files
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
o Chapter 9, Producing and Running Your Own Programs
2.3.7.2 File Protection - To find information on the file protection,
see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 5, Creating Directories
2.3.7.3 File Directories - To find information on the file
directories, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 5, Creating Directories
2.3.7.4 System Files and Directories - To find information on system
files and directories, see the following manuals:
2-6
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 3, After Software Installation
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.3.7.5 Groups - To find information on file groups, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
2.3.7.6 Archiving Files - To find information on archiving files, see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
2.3.7.7 Tape Labelling - To find information on tape labelling, see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 8, Tape Storage
NOTEBOOK 11
2-7
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual
2.3.8 CONSOLE FRONT-END PROCESSOR AND SOFTWARE
The following sections describe where to find information on the
console front-end processor and software.
2.3.8.1 Console Functions - To find information on console functions,
see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Chapter 6, RSX-20F Utilities
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 3, After Software Installation
2.3.8.2 Command Terminal Functions - To find information on command
terminal functions, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Chapter 7, RSX-20F Monitor
2.3.8.3 Diagnostic/Maintenance Functions - To find information on
diagnostic/maintenance functions, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Chapter 8, DTE20 Operation
2-8
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.4 KL10-E PROCESSOR
The following sections describe where to find information on the
KL10-E processor.
2.4.1 KL10 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND SWITCHES
To find information on the KL10 physical description and switches, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the Hardware System
2.4.2 Overview of KL10 CPU
To find an overview of the KL10 CPU, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 5, KL10-E Processor
2.4.3 TECHNICAL EXPLANATION OF KL10 CPU
To find a technical explanation of the KL10 CPU, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 1, Introduction
2.4.4 KL10 MEMORY SUBSYSTEM
The following sections describe where to find information on memory
subsystems.
2-9
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.4.4.1 Overview of DECSYSTEM-20 Memory - To find an overview of
DECSYSTEM-20 memory, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 5, KL10-E Processor
2.4.4.2 Technical Explanation of KL10 Memory - To find a technical
explanation of KL10 memory, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
o Decsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 1, Introduction
o Chapter 3, KL10 System Operations
o Appendix G, Handling Memory
2.4.4.3 Memory Options - To find information about memory options,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
2.4.5 FRONT-END SUBSYSTEM
To find information on the front-end subsystem, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 3, KL10 System Operations
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
2-10
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.4.6 INPUT/OUTPUT SUBSYSTEM
To find information on the input/output sybsystem, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F Reference Manual
2.5 KS10 PROCESSOR
The following sections describe where to find information on the KS10
processor.
2.5.1 KS10 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND SWITCHES
To find information about the KS10 physical description and switches,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KS/KL Model A Installation Guide
o Creating the TOPS-20 File System
2.5.2 KS10 Technical Overview
To find a technical overview of the KS10, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 6, KS10 Processor
2.5.3 TECHNICAL EXPLANATION OF KS10 CPU
To find a technical explanation of the KS10 central processing unit,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
2-11
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 4, KS10 System Operations
2.5.4 KS10 MEMORY
The following sections describe where to find information on KS10
memory.
2.5.4.1 Overview of KS10 memory - To find an overview of KS10 memory,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 6, KS10 Processor
2.5.4.2 Technical Explanation of KS10 Memory - To find a technical
explanation of KS10 memory, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 1, Introduction
o Chapter 4, KS10 System Operations
o Appendix G, Handling Memory
2.5.4.3 Memory Options - To find information about memory options,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
2.5.5 KS10 CONSOLE SUBSYSTEM
To find information about the KS10 console subsystem, see the
following manuals:
2-12
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 1
o DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary
o Chapter 6, KS10 Processor
NOTEBOOK 4
o DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor Reference Manual
o Chapter 4, KS10 System Operations
2.6 PERIPHERALS
The following sections describe where to find information on
peripherals.
2.6.1 MASS-STORAGE PERIPHERALS
The following sections describe where to find information about
mass-storage peripherals.
2.6.1.1 Disks - To find information about disks, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and Maintenance
Guide
o Chapter 5, Disk Drives
2.6.1.2 Tape Drives - To find information about tape drives, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
2-13
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 2, Hardware
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and Maintenance
Guide
o Chapter 4, Magnetic Tapes
2.6.2 UNIT-RECORD PERIPHERALS
The following sections describe where to find information about
unit-record periperals.
2.6.2.1 Line Printers - To find information about line printers, see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and Maintenance
Guide
o Chapter 1, Printers
2.6.2.2 Cardreaders - To find information about cardreaders, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's Hardware Device and Maintenance
Guide
o Chapter 2, Card Readers
2.6.3 TERMINALS
To find information about the terminals, see the following manual:
2-14
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 2, Hardware
2.6.4 DN20 COMMUNICATIONS FRONT END
To find information about the DN20 communications front end, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 7
o DECnet-20 System Manager's and Operator's Guide
o Chapter 3, Running DECnet-20
NOTEBOOK 8
o TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide
o Chapter 1, Overview
2.7 THE LANGUAGES
To find information about programming languages, see the following
sections:
2.7.1 TOPS-20 ASSEMBLER
To find information about the TOPS-20 assembler, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 5
o MACRO Assembler Reference Manual
2.7.2 DEBUGGING TOOLS
To find information about debugging tools, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 4
2-15
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 DDT Manual
2.7.3 FORTRAN
To find information about TOPS-20 FORTRAN, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 16
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language Manual
o TOPS-20 FORTRAN Installation Guide
2.7.4 COBOL
To find information about TOPS-20 COBOL, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 17
o TOPS-20 COBOL Language Manual
o TOPS-20 COBOL Installation Guide
2.7.5 COBOL-68 and COBOL-74
To find information about TOPS-20 COBOL-68 and COBOL-74, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 18
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL Conversion Utility Guide
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 Language Manual
2.7.6 ALGOL-20
To find information about ALGOL-20, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 15
o DECsystem-10/20 ALGOL Programmer's Guide
2-16
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.7.7 BASIC-PLUS-2
To find information about BASIC-PLUS-2, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 15
o TOPS-20 BASIC-PLUS-2 Language Manual
2.7.8 APL
To find information about APL, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 15
o APLSF Language Manual
2.7.9 BLISS-36
To find information about BLISS-36, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 19
o BLISS-36 User's Guide
o BLISS Language Guide
o BLISS-36 Installation Notes
2.7.10 CPL
To find information about CPL, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 16
o DECsystem-10/20 Conversational Programming Language Manual
2.7.11 PASCAL
To find information about TOPS-20 PASCAL, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 20
o TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual
2-17
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 PASCAL Primer
o TOPS-20 PASCAL Installation Guide
2.8 DATA MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION
To find information about data management and application, see the
following sections.
2.8.1 DBMS
To find information about DBMS, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 21
o DBMS-20 Documentation Directory
o DBMS-20 User's Guide
o DBMS-20 Installation Guide
NOTEBOOK 22
o DBMS-20 DBCS ERROR Message Manual
o DBMS-20 Data Manipulation Language Reference Manual
2.8.1.1 Data Description Process - To find information about DBMS
data description process, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 21
o DBMS-20 Data Description Language Reference Manual
2.8.1.2 DBMS Utilities - To find information about DBMS utilities,
see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 22
o DBMS-20 Utilities Manual
2-18
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.8.2 IQL
To find information about IQL, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 14
o Introduction to Interactive Query Language
o Interactive Query Language User's Guide
2.8.3 SORT/MERGE
To find information about the SORT/MERGE utility, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 17
o TOPS-20 SORT/MERGE User's Guide
2.8.4 RMS
To find information about the Record Management Services (RMS), see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 14
o TOPS-20 RMS User's Guide
o RMS-20 Programmer's Reference Manual
2.8.5 TRAFFIC-20
To find information about TRAFFIC-20, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 22
o TRAFFIC-20 Programmer's Manual
2.9 NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS
To find information about networks and communications, see the
following sections.
2-19
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.9.1 DECNET-20
To find information about DECnet-20, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 7
o Introduction to DECnet Phase IV
o DECnet-20 User's Guide
o DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's Guide
o DECnet-20 Installation Guide
NOTEBOOK 8
o TOPS-20 DECnet-20 Programmer's Guide and Operations Manual
NOTEBOOK 24
o DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway Management Guide
o DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry User's and Operator's
Guide
o DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application Interface Programmers's Guide
2.9.2 PSI-20
To find information about PSI-20, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 7
o DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's Guide
NOTEBOOK 8
o TOPS-20 PSI User's Guide
o TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide
2.9.3 REMOTE JOB ENTRY STATIONS
To find information about remote job entry stations, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 24
2-20
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job Entry User's and Operator's
Guide
2.9.4 LAT NETWORK MANAGEMENT
The following sections describe where to find information on LAT
network management.
2.9.4.1 LAT Software Overview - To find a LAT software overview, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 13, LAT Terminal Servers
2.9.4.2 Loading and Dumping LAT Servers - To find information about
loading and dumping LAT servers, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 7
o DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 3, Running DECnet-20
2.9.4.3 Specifying LAT Parameters - To find information about
specifying LAT parameters, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 13, LAT Terminal Servers
2.9.4.4 Joining an Existing LAT Network - To find information about
joining an existing LAT network, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
2-21
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 13, LAT Terminal Servers
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 4, LCP Commands
2.9.4.5 Starting and Stopping LAT Server Access - To find information
about starting and stopping LAT server access, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 4, LCP Commands
2.9.4.6 Monitoring the LAT Network from TOPS-20 - To find information
about monitoring the LAT network from TOPS-20, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 13, LAT Terminal Servers
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 4, LCP Commands
2.9.4.7 NI Availiblility for LAT - To find information about NI
availibility for LAT, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 9, System Problems/Crashes
2-22
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.10 INSTALLATION
The following sections describe where to find information on
installation.
2.10.1 TOOLS
To find information about software installation tools, see the
following sections.
2.10.1.1 CHECKD - To find information about CHECKD, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 12
o TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification
2.10.1.2 DLUSER - To find information about DLUSER, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.10.1.3 DUMPER - To find information about the DUMPER program, see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide
o Chapter 7, The DUMPER Program
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
NOTEBOOK 10
2-23
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
2.10.1.4 GALGEN - To find information about the GALGEN program, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Appendix D, Generating a Tailored BATCH and Spooling
System
2.10.2 SYSTEM STARTUP/SHUTDOWN
To find information about system startup/shutdown, see the following
sections.
2.10.2.1 Powering up the System - To find information about powering
up the system, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the System Hardware
2.10.2.2 Loading the System - To find information about loading the
system, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the System Hardware
2.10.2.3 Shutting Down the System - To find information about
shutting down the system, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
2-24
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Appendix A, Updating the DECSYSTEM-20 Software
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.10.2.4 KLINIT Initialization Dialogue - To find information about
KLINIT initialization dialogue, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Chapter 5, KLINIT
2.10.2.5 Loading the TOPS-20 Monitor - To find information about
loading the TOPS-20 monitor, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the Hardware System
2.10.2.6 System Startup Files - To find information about system
startup files, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the Hardware System
o Chapter 5, The Operator Interface, OPR
NOTEBOOK 11
2-25
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 5, ^E Privileged Commands
o Chapter 6, PTYCON Command Language
2.10.2.7 Multi-System Installation - To find information about a
multi-system installation, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.10.2.8 TCP/IP Installation - To find information about TCP/IP
installations, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Appendix C, Installing TCP/IP-20
2.10.2.9 Selecting a TOPS-20 Monitor - To find information about
selecting a TOPS-20 monitor, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
2.10.2.10 Creating System Defaults - To find information about
creating system defaults, see the following manuals:
2-26
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 11, Access Controls
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 3, Tailoring the System
2.10.2.11 Tailoring GALAXY - To find information about tailoring
GALAXY, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Appendix D, Generating a Tailored BATCH and Spooling
System
2.10.2.12 Creating the Front-End File System - To find information
about creating the front-end file system, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating the Front-end File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.11 STRUCTURES AND DIRECTORIES
The following sections describe where to find information on
structures and directories.
2.11.1 TOOLS
To find information about tools for structures and directories, see
the following sections.
2-27
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.11.1.1 DUMPER - To find information about the DUMPER program, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.11.1.2 CHECKD - To find information about CHECKD program, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 12
o TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification
2.11.1.3 DLUSER - To find information about DLUSER, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.11.1.4 ^ECREATE - To find information about ^ECREATE, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 5, ^E Privileged Commands
2.11.2 SYSTEM STRUCTURES
To find information about system structures, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
2-28
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating Structures
2.11.3 LOGIN STRUCTURES
To find information about login structures, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating Structures
2.11.4 MOUNTABLE STRUCTURES
To find information about mountable structures, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating Structures
2.11.5 STRUCTURE NAMES
To find information about structure names, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
2-29
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating Structures
2.11.6 STRUCTURE SIZE
To find information about structure size, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 4, Creating Structures
2.11.7 STRUCTURE PARAMETERS
To find information about structure parameteres, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Commands Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 3, OPR Command Descriptions
SET STRUCTURE command
2.11.8 CREATING A STRUCTURE
To find information about creating a structure, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
2-30
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.11.9 CREATING A DIRECTORY
To find information about creating a directory, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.11.10 DIRECTORY AND FILE PROTECTION
To find information about directory and file protection, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 5, Creating Directories
2.12 ACCOUNTING
The following sections describe where to find information on
accounting.
2.12.1 TOOLS
To find information about tools for accounting, see the following
sections.
2.12.1.1 ACTGEN - To find information about ACTGEN, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
2-31
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 6, Creating Accounts
2.12.1.2 CHKPNT - To find information about CHKPNT, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 UGAGE File Specification
o 3.0, Data Flow
2.12.2 ACCOUNTING SCHEMES
To find information about accounting schemes, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 6, Creating Accounts
2.12.3 SETTING UP ACCOUNTING ON THE SYSTEM
To find information about setting up accounting on the system, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 6, Creating Accounts
2.12.4 CREATING THE ACCOUNTS-TABLE DATABASE
To find information about creating the accounts-table database, see
the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
2-32
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 6, Creating Accounts
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.12.5 DATA COLLECTION AND REPORT GENERATION
To find information about data collection and report generation, see
the following sections.
2.12.5.1 Checkpointing - To find information about checkpointing, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification
o 3.2.1, Checkpointing
2.12.5.2 Event-Driven Accounting Data - To find information about
event-driven accounting data, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification
o 3.2.2, Event-Driven Data Collection
2.12.5.3 Creating USAGE Files - To find information about creating
USAGE files, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification
o 2.0, Entry Descriptions
o 3.2.1, Checkpointing
o 4.0, Description of Data Common to all Entries
2-33
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Appendix A, Usage File Record Formats
2.12.5.4 Report Generation from USAGE Files - To find information
about report generation from USAGE files, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File Specification
o 6.1, Running a Downstream Billing Program
o 6.2, Setting Billing Rates
o 6.3, Report Examples
2.13 SYSTEM BACKUP PROCEDURES
The following sections describes where to find information on system
backup procedures.
2.13.1 TOOLS
To find information about tools used for system backups, see the
following sections:
2.13.1.1 EXEC - To find information about the EXEC commands for doing
backups, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2-34
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.13.1.2 OPR - To find information about OPR commands for doing
backups, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
2.13.1.3 DUMPER - To find information about backup procedures using
DUMPER, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User Utilities Manual
o Chapter 7, The DUMPER Program
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.13.2 INTRODUCTION TO BACKUP PROCEDURES
To find an introduction to backup procedures, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 7, System Backup Procedures
2.14 TAPE STORAGE
The following sections describe where to find information on tape
storage.
2-35
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.14.1 TOOLS
To find information about tools used for tape storage, see the
following sections.
2.14.1.1 REAPER - To find information about the REAPER program, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.14.1.2 DUMPER - To find information about the DUMPER program, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User Utilities Manual
o Chapter 7, The DUMPER Program
2.14.2 ARCHIVING AND RETRIEVAL
To find information about tape archiving and retrieval see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 1
o TOPS-20 User's Guide
o Chapter 6, Using Disk Files
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
2-36
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.14.3 MIGRATION
To find information about mirgation, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
2.14.4 TAPE LABELS
To find information about tape labels, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual
o Chapter 2, Using Labeled Tapes
o Chapter 3, Digital System Label Definitions and Formats
2.14.5 AUTOMATIC VOLUME RECOGNITION
To find information about automatic volume recognition, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 8, Tape Storage
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, System Backup Procedures
2.14.6 SHARING TAPE DRIVES
To find information about sharing tape drives, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
2-37
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 8, Tape Storage
2.15 ERROR DETECTION AND RECOVERY
The following sections describe where to find information on error
detection and recovery.
2.15.1 TOOLS
To find information about the tools used for error detection and
recovery, see the following sections.
2.15.1.1 CHECKD - To find information about the CHECKD program, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 12
o TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification
2.15.1.2 DLUSER - To find information about DLUSER, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.15.1.3 DOBOPR - To find information about DOBOPR, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
2.15.1.4 SPEAR - To find information about the SPEAR program, see the
following manual:
2-38
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual
2.15.2 SYSTEM STARTUP ERROR MESSAGES
To find information about system startup error messages, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.3 HOME BLOCK AND BAT BLOCK MESSAGES
To find information about the home block and bat block messages, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.4 MEMORY PARITY ERRORS
To find information about the memory parity errors, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.5 DX20 ERROR MESSAGES
To find information about DX20 error messages, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
2-39
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.6 DEVICE ERROR MESSAGES
To find information about device error messages, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.7 BUGINFS, BUGCHECKS, BUGHLTS
To find information about BUGINFS, BUGCHECKS, and BUGHLTS, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
NOTEBOOK 12
o TOPS-20 BUGHLT Document
2.15.8 SYSTEM RELOADS
To find information about the system reloads, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.9 SYSTEM CRASHES
To find information about the system crashes, see the following
2-40
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Chapter 9, Error Detection and Logging
2.15.10 DUMP-ON-BUGCHK
To find information about DUMP-ON-BUGCHK, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 9, System Problems/Crashes
2.15.11 FILE SYSTEM RECOVERY
To find information about file system recovery, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 7, System Backup Procedures
o Chapter 9, System Problems/Crashes
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
2-41
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.15.12 SPEAR AND ERROR.SYS
To find information about the SPEAR program and ERROR.SYS, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual
2.15.13 KLINK
To find information about the KLINK program, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Reference Manual
o Appendix D, KLINIK Access Dialog
2.15.14 RESTARTING PROGRAMS UNDER SYSJOB
To find information about restarting programs under sysjob, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 9, Error Recovery Procedures
2.16 MONITORING THE SYSTEM
The following sections describe where to find information about
2-42
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
monitoring the system.
2.16.1 GETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION
To find information about getting system information, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
o INFORMATION MONITOR command
o INFORMATION SYSTEM command
o SYSTAT command
2.16.2 WATCH
To find information about the WATCH program, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 WATCH: A Program for Measuring System Usage
2.17 CONTROLLING THE SYSTEM
To find information about controlling the system with ^E commands, see
the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 5, ^E Privileged Commands
2.18 TUNING THE SYSTEM
To find information about tuning the system, see the following
sections.
2-43
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.18.1 CLASS SCHEDULER
To find information about the class scheduler, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o Chapter 3, OPR Command Descriptions
2.18.2 BIAS CONTROL
To find information about bias control, see the following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 3, Tailoring the System
2.18.3 MAKING BATCH JOBS LOW PRIORITY
To find information about making BATCH jobs low priority, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
2-44
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.18.4 IMPROVING PROGRAM STARTUP TIME
To find information about improving program startup time, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
2.18.5 DYNAMIC DUAL-PORTING
To find information about dynamic dual-porting, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
2.19 SYSTEM SECURITY
The following sections describe where to find information on system
security.
2.19.1 PASSWORD MANAGEMENT
To find information about password management, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 11, Access Controls
o TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation Guide
o Chapter 2, Creating the TOPS-20 File System
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
2-45
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 5, ^E Privileged Commands
NOTEBOOK 12
o TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification
2.19.2 PRIVILEGED COMMANDS
To find information about privileged commands, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o ^E Privileged Commands
2.19.3 CREATING AN ACJ PROGRAM
To find information about the ACJ program, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 11, Access Controls
2.20 CLUSTER MANAGEMENT
The following sections describe where to find information on cluster
management.
2.20.1 CFS HARDWARE
To find information about CFS hardware, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
2-46
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2.20.2 CFS SYSTEM STARTUP
To find information about CFS system startup, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 4, Starting the Hardware System
2.20.3 INTERSYSTEM COMMUNICATION
To find information about intersystem communication, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2.20.4 REMOTE OPERATOR COMMANDS
To find information about remote operator commands, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 5, The Operator Interface, OPR
2.20.5 CLUSTER DATA GATHERING
To find information about cluster data gathering, see the following
2-47
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2.20.6 REMOTE CLUSTER PRINTING
To find information about remote cluster printing, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 2
o TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual
o PRINT command
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 3, After Software Installation
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 5, The Operator Interface, OPR
o Chapter 6, BATCH Software Tasks
2.20.7 CLUSTERWIDE FILE DISTRIBUTION
To find information about clusterwide file distribution, see the
following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 3, After Software Installation
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2-48
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
2.20.8 LOAD BALANCING
To find information about load balancing, see the following manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 10, System Performance
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2.20.9 CLUSTERWIDE USERNAMES
To find information about clusterwide usernames, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
2.20.10 STRUCTURE ATTRIBUTES
To find information about structure attributes, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o SET STRUCTURE command
2.20.11 CENTRALIZIED LOGIN STRUCTURES
To find information about centralized login structures, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
NOTEBOOK 10
2-49
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2.20.12 RESTRICTING ACCESS TO STRUCTURES
To find information about restricting access to structures, see the
following manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
NOTEBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
o SET STRUCTURE STR: EXCLUSIVE command
2.20.13 DISMOUNTING STRUCTURES
To find information about dismounting structures, see the following
manuals:
NOTEBOOK 9
o TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide
o Chapter 12, The Common File System
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 7, Unscheduled Software Tasks
NOTEBBOOK 11
o TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual
2-50
WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TOPICS
o DISMOUNT command
2.20.14 CFS SYSTEM SHUTDOWN
To find information about CFS system shutdown, see the following
manual:
NOTEBOOK 10
o TOPS-20 Operator's Guide
o Chapter 8, Scheduled Software Tasks
2-51
INDEX
-A- CHKPNT, 2-32
Class scheduler, 2-44
Accounting, 2-31 Cluster data gathering, 2-47
checking pointing, 2-33 Cluster management, 2-46
creating accounts-table centralized login structures,
database, 2-32 2-49
creating USAGE files, 2-33 CFS hardware, 2-46
data collection, 2-33 CFS system shutdown, 2-51
event-driven data, 2-33 CFS system startup, 2-47
report generation, 2-33 cluster data gathering, 2-47
from USAGE files, 2-34 clusterwide file distribution,
schemes, 2-32 2-48
setting up on the system, 2-32 clusterwide usernames, 2-49
tools, 2-31 dismounting structures, 2-50
ACTGEN, 2-31 intersystem communication, 2-47
CHKPNT, 2-32 load balancing, 2-49
ACJ program remote cluster printing, 2-48
creating, 2-46 remote operator commands, 2-47
ACTGEN, 2-31 restricting access to
ALGOL-20, 2-16 structures, 2-50
APL, 2-17 structure attributes, 2-49
APLSF Language Manual, 1-16 COBOL, 2-16
Archiving files, 2-7 COBOL-68 and COBOL-74, 2-16
Archiving tapes, 2-36 Commands
Assembler, 2-15 EXEC, 2-2
Automatic volume recognition, privileged, 2-46
2-37 Console front-end processor, 2-8
command terminal functions, 2-8
-B- diagnostic/maintenance
functions, 2-8
BASIC-PLUS-2, 2-17 functions, 2-8
Bat block messages, 2-39 Controlling the system, 2-43
BATCH jobs CPL, 2-17
making low priority, 2-44 Creating a directory, 2-31
Bias control, 2-44 Creating a structure, 2-30
BLISS Language Guide, 1-19 Creating system defaults, 2-26
BLISS-36, 2-17
BLISS-36 Installation Notes, 1-20 -D-
BLISS-36 User's Guide, 1-19
BUGINFS, BUGCHECKS, BUGHLTS, 2-40 Data management and application,
2-18
-C- DBMS, 2-18
IQL, 2-19
Cardreaders, 2-14 RMS, 2-19
CFS hardware, 2-46 SORT/MERGE, 2-19
CFS system shutdown, 2-51 TRAFFIC-20, 2-19
CFS system startup, 2-47 DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Using
CHECKD program, 2-23, 2-28, 2-38 Graphics, 1-14
Index-1
DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Writing Directories, 2-27
Reports, 1-14 creating, 2-31
DATATRIEVE-20 Reference Manual, protection, 2-31
1-14 tools
DATATRIEVE-20 User's Guide, 1-13 CHECKD, 2-28
DBMS, 2-18 DLUSER, 2-28
data description process, 2-18 DUMPER, 2-28
utilities, 2-18 ^ECREATE, 2-28
DBMS-20 Data Description Language Disks, 2-13
Reference Manual, 1-21 Dismounting structures, 2-50
DBMS-20 Data Manipulation DIU User's Guide, 1-16
Language Reference Manual, DLUSER, 2-23, 2-38
1-22 DN20 communications front end,
DBMS-20 DBCS Error Message Manual, 2-15
1-22 DOBOPR, 2-38
DBMS-20 Documentation Directory, DUMP-ON-BUGCHK, 2-41
1-21 DUMPER program, 2-23, 2-28, 2-35,
DBMS-20 Installation Guide, 1-21 2-36
DBMS-20 User's Guide, 1-21 DX20 error messages, 2-39
DBMS-20 Utilities Manual, 1-22 Dynamic dual-porting, 2-45
Debugging tools, 2-15
DECnet-20, 2-20 -E-
DECnet-20 Network Generation and
Installation Guide, 1-7 ^ECREATE, 2-28
DECnet-20 User's Guide, 1-7 EDIT Reference Manual, 1-3
DECnet-20/PSI-20 System Manager's EDIT User's Guide, 1-3
Guide, 1-7 EDT-20 Primer, 1-23
DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application EDT-20 Reference Manual, 1-23
Interface Programmer's Guide, Enqueue/Dequeue, 2-4
1-24 Error detection and recovery,
DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway 2-38
Management Guide, 1-23 BUGINFS, BUGCHECKS, BUGHLTS,
DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job 2-40
Entry User's and Operator's DUMP-ON-BUGCHK, 2-41
Guide, 1-23 file system recovery, 2-41
DECsystem-10/20 ALGOL KLINK program, 2-42
Programmer's Guide, 1-16 restarting programs, 2-42
DECsystem-10/20 Conversational SPEAR and ERROR.SYS, 2-42
Programming Language Manual, system crashes, 2-40
1-17 system reloads, 2-40
DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 tools, 2-38
Processor Reference Manual, CHECKD, 2-38
1-4 DLUSER, 2-38
DECSYSTEM-20 DOBOPR, 2-38
Overview, 2-1 SPEAR, 2-38
technical introduction, 2-1 Error messages
DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary, device, 2-40
1-1 DX20, 2-39
Device error messages, 2-40 home block and bat block, 2-39
DIL User Reference Manual, 1-19 memory parity, 2-39
Direct process control, 2-3 system startup, 2-39
ERROR.SYS, 2-42
Index-2
EXEC, 2-1 Installation (Cont.)
commands, 2-2 tools, 2-23
for doing backups, 2-34 CHECKD, 2-23
overview, 2-2 DLUSER, 2-23
DUMPER, 2-23
-F- GALGEN, 2-24
Interactive Query Language User's
File directories, 2-6 Guide, 1-15
File groups, 2-7 Interprocess communication
File protection, 2-6 facility, 2-4
File system, 2-5 Introduction to DATATRIEVE-20,
File system recovery, 2-41 1-13
Files, 2-6 Introduction to DECnet Phase IV,
archiving, 2-7 1-6
protection, 2-31 Introduction to DIGITAL Standard
FORTRAN, 2-16 RUNOFF, 1-3
Front-end file system Introduction to Interactive Query
creating, 2-27 Language, 1-15
Front-end subsystem, 2-10 IQL, 2-19
FTS-20 Reference Manual, 1-8
-J-
-G-
Jobs, 2-3
GALAXY subsystem, 2-2
components, 2-2 -K-
OPR interface, 2-3
GALGEN, 2-24 KL10 CPU
overview, 2-9
-H- technical explanation, 2-9
KL10 memory
Home block messages, 2-39 technical explanation, 2-10
KL10 memory subsystem, 2-9
-I- KL10 physical description, 2-9
KL10 switches, 2-9
Input/output subsystem, 2-11 KL10-E processor, 2-9
Installation, 2-23 KLINIT initialization dialogue,
creating system defaults, 2-26 2-25
creating the front-end file KLINK program, 2-42
system, 2-27 KS10 console subsystem, 2-12
KLINIT initialization dialogue, KS10 CPU
2-25 technical explanation, 2-11
loading the system, 2-24 KS10 memory, 2-12
loading TOPS-20 monitor, 2-25 overview, 2-12
multi-system, 2-26 technical explanation, 2-12
powering up the system, 2-24 KS10 physical description, 2-11
selecting a TOPS-20 monitor, KS10 processor, 2-11
2-26 KS10 switches, 2-11
shutting down the system, 2-24 KS10 technical overview, 2-11
system startup files, 2-25
system startup/shutdown, 2-24 -L-
tailoring GALAXY, 2-27
TCP/IP installation, 2-26 Labelling tapes, 2-7
Index-3
Languages, 2-15 Manuals (Cont.)
ALGOL-20, 2-16 DBMS-20 Data Description
APL, 2-17 Language Reference Manual,
BASIC-PLUS-2, 2-17 1-21
BLISS-36, 2-17 DBMS-20 Data Manipulation
CPL, 2-17 Language Reference Manual,
MACRO, 2-15 1-22
TOPS-20 COBOL, 2-16 DBMS-20 DBCS Error Message
TOPS-20 FORTRAN, 2-16 Manual, 1-22
TOPS-20 PASCAL, 2-17 DBMS-20 Documentation Directory,
LAT network management, 2-21 1-21
joining an existing LAT network, DBMS-20 Installation Guide,
2-21 1-21
LAT software overview, 2-21 DBMS-20 User's Guide, 1-21
loading and dumping LAT servers, DBMS-20 Utilities Manual, 1-22
2-21 DECnet-20 Network Generation
monitoring the LAT network, and Installation Guide, 1-7
2-22 DECnet-20 User's Guide, 1-7
NI availibility for LAT, 2-22 DECnet-20/PSI-20 System
specifying LAT parameters, 2-21 Manager's Guide, 1-7
starting LAT server access, DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Application
2-22 Interface Programmer's
stopping LAT server access, Guide, 1-24
2-22 DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Gateway
Line printers, 2-14 Management Guide, 1-23
Loading and dumping LAT servers, DECnet/SNA TOPS-20 Remote Job
2-21 Entry User's and Operator's
Loading the system, 2-24 Guide, 1-23
Login structures, 2-29 DECsystem-10/20 ALGOL
centralized, 2-49 Programmer's Guide, 1-16
DECsystem-10/20 Conversational
Programming Language Manual,
1-17
-M- DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20
Processor Reference Manual,
MACRO, 2-15 1-4
MACRO Assembler Reference Manual, DECSYSTEM-20 Technical Summary,
1-5 1-1
Manuals DIL User Reference Manual, 1-19
APLSF Language Manual, 1-16 DIU User's Guide, 1-16
BLISS Language Guide, 1-19 EDIT Reference Manual, 1-3
BLISS-36 Installation Notes, EDIT User's Guide, 1-3
1-20 EDT-20 Primer, 1-23
BLISS-36 User's Guide, 1-19 EDT-20 Reference Manual, 1-23
DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Using FTS-20 Reference Manual, 1-8
Graphics, 1-14 Interactive Query Language
DATATRIEVE-20 Guide to Writing User's Guide, 1-15
Reports, 1-14 Introduction to DATATRIEVE-20,
DATATRIEVE-20 Reference Manual, 1-13
1-14 Introduction to DECnet Phase IV,
DATATRIEVE-20 User's Guide, 1-6
1-13
Index-4
Manuals (Cont.) Manuals (Cont.)
Introduction to DIGITAL TOPS-20 EXEC Message Manual,
Standard RUNOFF, 1-3 1-2
Introduction to Interactive TOPS-20 FORTRAN Installation
Query Language, 1-15 Guide, 1-17
MACRO Assembler Reference TOPS-20 IBM
Manual, 1-5 Emulation/Termination, 1-6
RMS-20 Programmer's Reference TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation
Manual, 1-15 Guide, 1-9
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Batch Reference TOPS-20 KS/KL Model A
Manual, 1-2 Installation Guide, 1-10
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL TOPS-20 LINK Reference Manual,
Conversion Utility Guide, 1-5
1-18 TOPS-20 MAKVFU Specification,
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 1-13
Language Manual, 1-19 TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Common Math Manual, 1-6
Library Reference Manual, TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's
1-21 Guide, 1-5
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 DECmail/MS TOPS-20 Monitor Table
Manual, 1-4 Descriptions, 1-12
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN TOPS-20 Operator's Command
Language Manual, 1-17 Language Reference Manual,
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's 1-11
Hardware Device and TOPS-20 Operator's Guide, 1-10
Maintenance Guide, 1-10 TOPS-20 PASCAL Installation
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System Guide, 1-21
Reference Manual, 1-11 TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual,
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual, 1-20
1-10 TOPS-20 PASCAL Primer, 1-20
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 UETP TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide,
Procedures/Reference Manual, 1-8
1-10 TOPS-20 PSI User's Guide, 1-8
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File TOPS-20 RMS User's Guide, 1-15
Specification, 1-12 TOPS-20 SORT/MERGE User's Guide,
TOPS-20 BASIC-PLUS-2 Language 1-17
Manual, 1-16 TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide,
TOPS-20 BUGHLT Document, 1-13 1-9
TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification, TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual,
1-13 1-12
TOPS-20 COBOL Installation TOPS-20 TV Editor Manual, 1-3
Guide, 1-18 TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide,
TOPS-20 COBOL Language Manual, 1-1
1-18 TOPS-20 User's Guide, 1-1
TOPS-20 Commands Reference TOPS-20 WATCH: A Program for
Manual, 1-2 Measuring System Usage,
TOPS-20 DDT Manual, 1-4 1-12
TOPS-20 DECnet-20 Programmer's TRAFFIC-20 Programmer's Manual,
Guide and Operations Manual, 1-23
1-9 Mass-storage periperals, 2-13
TOPS-20 DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF Memory
User's Guide, 1-4 KL10
Index-5
Memory Process communication, 2-3
KL10 (Cont.) direct process control, 2-3
technical explanation, 2-10 enqueue/dequeue, 2-4
KS10, 2-12 interprocess communication
overview of DECSYSTEM-20, 2-10 facility, 2-4
virtual, 2-5 memory sharing, 2-4
Memory options, 2-10 software interrupt system, 2-4
Memory parity error messages, Processes, 2-3
2-39 PSI-20, 2-20
Memory sharing, 2-4
Memory subsystem -R-
KL10, 2-9
Monitor, 2-4 REAPER program, 2-36
Monitoring the LAT network from Remote cluster printing, 2-48
TOPS-20, 2-22 Remote job entry, 2-20
Monitoring the system, 2-42 Remote operator commands, 2-47
getting system information, Restarting programs
2-43 under SYSJOB, 2-42
WATCH program, 2-43 RMS (Record Management Services),
Mountable structures, 2-29 2-19
Multi-system installation, 2-26 RMS-20 Programmer's Reference
Manual, 1-15
-N-
-S-
Networks and communications, 2-19
DECnet-20, 2-20 Selecting a TOPS-20 monitor, 2-26
LAT network management, 2-21 Shutting down the system, 2-24
remote job entry, 2-20 Software Interrupt System, 2-4
SORT/MERGE utility, 2-19
-O- SPEAR program, 2-38
and ERROR.SYS, 2-42
OPR commands Structures, 2-27
for doing backups, 2-35 creating, 2-30
OPR interface, 2-3 dismounting, 2-50
Overview login structures, 2-29
KS10 memory, 2-12 mountable structures, 2-29
Overview of DECSYSTEM-20, 2-1 names, 2-29
Overview of DECSYSTEM-20 memory, parameters, 2-30
2-10 restricting access to, 2-50
Overview of GALAXY subsystem, 2-2 size, 2-30
Overview of KL10 CPU, 2-9 system structures, 2-28
Overview of the EXEC, 2-2 tools
CHECKD, 2-28
-P- DLUSER, 2-28
DUMPER, 2-28
PASCAL, 2-17 ^ECREATE, 2-28
Password management, 2-45 SYSJOB
Peripherals, 2-13 restarting programs under, 2-42
mass-storage, 2-13 System backup procedures, 2-34
unit-record, 2-14 introduction, 2-35
Powering up the system, 2-24 tools, 2-34
Privileged commands, 2-46 DUMPER, 2-35
Index-6
System backup procedures TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL Conversion
tools (Cont.) Utility Guide, 1-18
EXEC commands, 2-34 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 COBOL-74 Language
OPR commands, 2-35 Manual, 1-19
System crashes, 2-40 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Common Math
System directories, 2-6 Library Reference Manual,
System files, 2-6 1-21
System reloads, 2-40 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 DECmail/MS Manual,
System security, 2-45 1-4
creating an ACJ program, 2-46 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language
password management, 2-45 Manual, 1-17
privileged commands, 2-46 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Operator's
System shutdown Hardware Device and
CFS, 2-51 Maintenance Guide, 1-10
System startup error messages, TOPS-10/TOPS-20 RSX-20F System
2-39 Reference Manual, 1-11
System startup files, 2-25 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 SPEAR Manual,
System startup/shutdown, 2-24 1-10
System structures, 2-28 TOPS-10/TOPS-20 UETP
Procedures/Reference Manual,
-T- 1-10
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 USAGE File
Tailoring GALAXY, 2-27 Specification, 1-12
Tape drives, 2-13 TOPS-20 assembler, 2-15
sharing, 2-37 TOPS-20 BASIC-PLUS-2 Language
Tape labelling, 2-7 Manual, 1-16
Tape labels, 2-37 TOPS-20 BUGHLT Document, 1-13
Tape storage, 2-35 TOPS-20 CHECKD Specification,
archiving and retrieval, 2-36 1-13
automatic volume recognition, TOPS-20 COBOL Installation Guide,
2-37 1-18
labels, 2-37 TOPS-20 COBOL Language Manual,
migration, 2-37 1-18
sharing tape drives, 2-37 TOPS-20 Command Language
tools, 2-36 Processor
DUMPER, 2-36 see EXEC
REAPER, 2-36 TOPS-20 Commands Reference Manual,
TCP/IP installation, 2-26 1-2
Technical explanation TOPS-20 DDT Manual, 1-4
KS10 CPU, 2-11 TOPS-20 DECnet-20 Programmer's
KS10 memory, 2-12 Guide and Operations Manual,
Technical explanation of KL10 CPU, 1-9
2-9 TOPS-20 DIGITAL Standard RUNOFF
Technical explanation of KL10 User's Guide, 1-4
Memory, 2-10 TOPS-20 EXEC Message Manual, 1-2
Technical introduction to TOPS-20 FORTRAN Installation
DECSYSTEM-20, 2-1 Guide, 1-17
Technical overview TOPS-20 IBM Emulation/Termination,
KS10, 2-11 1-6
Terminals, 2-14 TOPS-20 KL Model B Installation
TOPS-10/TOPS-20 Batch Reference Guide, 1-9
Manual, 1-2
Index-7
TOPS-20 KS/KL Model A TOPS-20 Tape Processing Manual,
Installation Guide, 1-10 1-12
TOPS-20 LINK Reference Manual, TOPS-20 TV Editor Manual, 1-3
1-5 TOPS-20 User Utilities Guide, 1-1
TOPS-20 MAKVFU Specification, TOPS-20 User's Guide, 1-1
1-13 TOPS-20 WATCH: A Program for
TOPS-20 Monitor, 2-4 Measuring System Usage, 1-12
TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference TRAFFIC-20, 2-19
Manual, 1-6 TRAFFIC-20 Programmer's Manual,
TOPS-20 Monitor Calls User's 1-23
Guide, 1-5 Tuning the system, 2-43
TOPS-20 Monitor Table bias control, 2-44
Descriptions, 1-12 class scheduler, 2-44
TOPS-20 Operating System, 2-1 dynamic dual-porting, 2-45
TOPS-20 Operator's Command improving program startup time,
Language Reference Manual, 2-45
1-11 making BATCH jobs low priority,
TOPS-20 Operator's Guide, 1-10 2-44
TOPS-20 PASCAL Installation Guide,
1-21 -U-
TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual,
1-20 Unit-record peripherals, 2-14
TOPS-20 PASCAL Primer, 1-20
TOPS-20 PSI Installation Guide, -V-
1-8
TOPS-20 PSI User's Guide, 1-8 Virtual memory, 2-5
TOPS-20 RMS User's Guide, 1-15
TOPS-20 SORT/MERGE User's Guide,
1-17 -W-
TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide,
1-9 WATCH program, 2-43
Index-8